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Augustus Henry Lane-Fox Pitt Rivers (14 April 1827 – 4 May 1900) was an English army officer, ethnologist, and archaeologist.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://excavatingpittrivers.blogspot.co.uk/ )〕 He was noted for innovations in archaeological methodology, and in the museum display of archaeological and ethnological collections. His international collection of about 22,000 objects was the founding collection of the Pitt Rivers Museum at the University of Oxford 〔 while his collection of English archaeology from the area around Stonehenge forms the basis of the collection at The Salisbury Museum in Wiltshire.〔http://www.maneyonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/1936981614Z.00000000033〕 Throughout most of his life he used the surname Lane Fox, under which his early archaeological reports are published. In 1880 he adopted the Pitt Rivers name on inheriting from Lord Rivers an estate of more than 32000 acres in Cranborne Chase. ==Early life and family== Born Augustus Henry Lane-Fox at Bramham cum Oglethorpe near Wetherby in Yorkshire,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url= http://excavatingpittrivers.blogspot.co.uk/2012/12/pitt-rivers-and-yorkshire.html/ )〕 he was the son of William Lane-Fox and Lady Caroline Douglas, sister of George Douglas, 17th Earl of Morton. George Lane-Fox and Sackville Lane-Fox were his uncles. In 1880, Lane-Fox inherited the estates of his cousin, Horace Pitt-Rivers, 6th Baron Rivers and with it the remainder of the Richard Rigby fortune. It was "an event that transformed his life." He was required to adopt the surname Pitt-Rivers as part of the bequest.〔 In Q1, 1853,〔http://www.freebmd.org.uk/ - search on Fox or Stanley〕 Pitt-Rivers (still under the surname Fox) married The Honourable Alice Margaret Stanley (1828–1910), daughter of the politician Edward Stanley, 2nd Baron Stanley of Alderley and of the women's education campaigner Henrietta Stanley, Baroness Stanley of Alderley. Pitt-Rivers and Alice had 9 children who reached adulthood, they were born between 1855 and 1866.〔http://web.prm.ox.ac.uk/rpr/index.php/pitt-rivers-life/10-biography-of-general-pitt-rivers/〕 As they were all born before Augustus took the new surname in 1880, their births are registered under the name of Fox (or Lane-Fox):- # Alexander Edward Lane Fox-Pitt-Rivers, 2 November 1855 - 19 August 1927. # William Augustus Lane Fox-Pitt, 9 January 1858 - 1945?. # Ursula Katharine Lane Fox-Pitt, 1859? - 1942. # Lionel Charles Lane Fox-Pitt, 5 November 1860 - 1937?. # Alice Augusta Laurentia Lane Fox-Pitt, circa 1862 - 11 March 1947. # Agnes Geraldine Fox-Pitt, 1863 - 7 December 1926. # Douglas Henry Lane Fox-Pitt, 17 December 1864 - 19 September 1922. # Arthur Algernon Lane Fox-Pitt, 12 April 1866 - 6 November 1895. Three notable descendants of Augustus are his grandson, the anthropologist, eugenicist, anti-Semite and detainee in 1940 under Defence Regulation 18B George Pitt-Rivers, his great-grandson, the anthropologist and ethnographer, Julian A. Pitt-Rivers, and his great-great-grandson, William Fox-Pitt, the equestrian. Another grandson was Michael Pitt-Rivers who gained notoriety in Britain in the 1950s when he was put on trial charged with "buggery".〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.lgbthistoryuk.org/wiki/index.php?title=Michael_Pitt-Rivers )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Augustus Pitt Rivers」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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